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Collaborative Laboratories for Advanced Decommissioning Science; Kyoto University*
JAEA-Review 2023-028, 54 Pages, 2024/03
JAEA-Review-2023-028.pdf:3.81MB
The Collaborative Laboratories for Advanced Decommissioning Science (CLADS), Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), had been conducting the Nuclear Energy Science & Technology and Human Resource Development Project (hereafter referred to "the Project") in FY2022. The Project aims to contribute to solving problems in the nuclear energy field represented by the decommissioning of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station (1F), Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings, Inc. (TEPCO). For this purpose, intelligence was collected from all over the world, and basic research and human resource development were promoted by closely integrating/collaborating knowledge and experiences in various fields beyond the barrier of conventional organizations and research fields. The sponsor of the Project was moved from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology to JAEA since the newly adopted proposals in FY2018. On this occasion, JAEA constructed a new research system where JAEA-academia collaboration is reinforced and medium-to-long term research/development and human resource development contributing to the decommissioning are stably and consecutively implemented. Among the adopted proposals in FY2022, this report summarizes the research results of the "Establishment of 3-D dose dispersion forecasting method and development of in-structure survey using the transparency difference of each line gamma-ray" conducted in FY2022. We realized an electron track detecting Compton camera (ETCC) that can measure 
-ray images (linear images) with the bijective projection. In the "Quantitative analysis of radioactivity distribution by imaging of high radiation field environment using gamma-ray imaging spectroscopy" (hereinafter referred to as the previous project) adopted in FY2018, the 1 km square area including the reactor buildings was imaged at once.
Horiguchi, Naoki; Yoshida, Hiroyuki; Kaneko, Akiko*; Abe, Yutaka*
Proceedings of 12th Japan-Korea Symposium on Nuclear Thermal Hydraulics and Safety (NTHAS12) (Internet), 6 Pages, 2022/10
For safety evaluation of nuclear reactors in severe accidents, it is important to estimate physical quantities of fragments generated from the molten fuel jet, which falls in a pool and breaks up. The evaluation method has been developed for the behavior as liquid jet with hydrodynamic interaction including fuel coolant interaction (FCI). In case of a shallow pool assumed in ex-vessel, the molten fuel jet is assumed to behave as wall-impinging liquid jet and to form liquid film flow spreading on the floor with/without fragmentation. In our research, focusing on hydrodynamic interaction and the transient 3-dimensional spreading on the floor, we have developed the evaluation method by numerical simulation using the two-phase flow simulation code with interface tracking method (TPFIT) developed by JAEA and, the experimental method using the 3D-LIF method in liquid-liquid system for the validation data. In our previous studies, we investigated the wall-impinging liquid jet behavior with fragmentation and observed that the liquid film flow had some characteristic parts transiently. Since it indicates that the quantities change depending on the parts and affect the safety evaluation, it is important to measure the quantities of the fragments generated from each part. This paper explains the measurement of the physical quantities of the fragments generated from each part of the wall-impinging liquid jet in a shallow pool for the validation of the numerical simulation. We conducted an experiment with the 3D-LIF method and segmented the experimental data based on the fragmentation point over the liquid film flow using the dispersed phase tracking method, developed by JAEA. Then, we measured the diameter and amount of the fragments from the segmented experimental data and investigated their changing trend.
Horiguchi, Naoki; Yoshida, Hiroyuki; Yamamura, Sota*; Fujiwara, Kota*; Kaneko, Akiko*; Abe, Yutaka*
Proceedings of 19th International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Reactor Thermal Hydraulics (NURETH-19) (Internet), 14 Pages, 2022/03
Yoshida, Hiroyuki; Uesawa, Shinichiro
Proceedings of 2020 International Conference on Nuclear Engineering (ICONE 2020) (Internet), 7 Pages, 2020/08
Collaborative Laboratories for Advanced Decommissioning Science; Kyoto University*
JAEA-Review 2019-036, 65 Pages, 2020/03
JAEA-Review-2019-036.pdf:4.46MB
JAEA/CLADS, had been conducting the Center of World Intelligence Project for Nuclear Science/Technology and Human Resource Development (hereafter referred to "the Project") in FY2018. The Project aims to contribute to solving problems in nuclear energy field represented by the decommissioning of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station, Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings, Inc. For this purpose, intelligence was collected from all over the world, and basic research and human resource development were promoted by closely integrating/collaborating knowledge and experiences in various fields beyond the barrier of conventional organizations and research fields. The sponsor of the Project was moved from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology to JAEA since the newly adopted proposals in FY2018. On this occasion, JAEA constructed a new research system where JAEA-academia collaboration is reinforced and medium-to-long term research/development and human resource development contributing to the decommissioning are stably and consecutively implemented. Among the adopted proposals in FY2018, this report summarizes the research results of the "Quantitative Analysis Method for Radiation Distribution in High Radiation Environment by Gamma-ray Image Spectroscopy". Electron-tracking Compton camera (ETCC) has been developed originally for nuclear gamma-ray astronomy, and also applied to medical use as a technology that greatly improves the resolution of conventional Compton camera by measuring three-dimensional tracking of electrons using a gaseous 3-dimensional position detector (so called Time Projection Chamber) in the first stage. In the present study, based on the ETCC that has been developed for medical use, we produce a prototype of light weight ETCC with the emphasis on the operability at the site, and evaluate its practicability by field tests.
Kokabu, Hiroki*; Yoon, S.*; Lee, H.*; Nakajima, Kaoru*; Matsuda, Makoto; Sataka, Masao*; Tsujimoto, Masahiko*; Toulemonde, M.*; Kimura, Kenji*
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B, 460, p.34 - 37, 2019/12
Times Cited Count：0 Percentile：0.02(Instruments & Instrumentation)Ueki, Tadamasa; Niwa, Masakazu; Iwano, Hideki*; Danhara, Toru*; Hirata, Takafumi*
Chishitsugaku Zasshi, 125(3), p.227 - 236, 2019/03
no abstracts in English
Yamada, Ryohei; Odagiri, Taiki*; Iwaoka, Kazuki*; Hosoda, Masahiro*; Tokonami, Shinji*
Radiation Environment and Medicine, 8(1), p.21 - 25, 2019/02
We evaluate radon/thoron and its progeny concentration using passive-type monitors using CR-39 plates. After exposure, it is necessary to do chemical etching for CR-39 plates. In the present study, we considered shortening of chemical etching time for CR-39 and enlargement of the track diameter (i.e. etch pit diameter) aiming for introduction of automatic counting system in the future. Optimum conditions were determined by changing solution concentration, solution temperature and etching time. As a result, the optimized conditions (concentration, temperature and etching time) were determined to be 8 M NaOH solution, 75 degrees Celsius and 10 hours. This result of etching time showed that the chemical etching was completed in less than half of conventional etching time. Furthermore, it was suggested that shorter etching time would be possible if we do not consider the enlargement of conventional track diameter.
Ueki, Taro
Proceedings of International Conference on Mathematics and Computational Methods applied to Nuclear Science and Engineering (M&C 2019) (CD-ROM), p.151 - 160, 2019/00
A dynamical system under extreme physical disorder has the tendency of evolving toward the equilibrium state characterized by an inverse power law spectrum. In this paper, the author proposes a practically implementable modeling of random media under such a spectrum using a randomized form of the Weierstrass function. The proposed modeling is demonstrated by the continuous energy Monte Carlo particle transport with delta tracking for the criticality calculation of a randomized version of the Topsy spherical core in International Criticality Safety Benchmark Evaluation Project.
Amemiya, Kuniaki*; Koshikawa, Hiroshi; Yamaki, Tetsuya; Maekawa, Yasunari; Shitomi, Hiroshi*; Numata, Takayuki*; Kinoshita, Kenichi*; Tanabe, Minoru*; Fukuda, Daiji*
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B, 356-357, p.154 - 159, 2015/08
Times Cited Count：10 Percentile：64.26(Instruments & Instrumentation)Broadband low reflectance materials have various applications in the field of optical energy management; however, materials with ultra-low reflectance (below 0.1%) have been considered as mechanically delicate. We have developed a novel hard-surface optical absorber with microstructured, diamond-like carbon coated ion tracks on CR-39 plastic substrate. The spectral reflectance of the first prototype was below 2% for wavelengths ranging from 400 nm to 1400 nm; moreover, the optical absorber had mechanically hard surface and exhibited temporal durability. Choosing the appropriate design of the surface structure and coating layer is likely to reduce the reflectance to the order of 0.1%. This technique yields easy-to-handle broadband ultra-low reflectance absorbers.
Nakajima, Kaoru*; Kitayama, Takumi*; Hayashi, Hiroaki*; Matsuda, Makoto; Sataka, Masao*; Tsujimoto, Masahiko*; Toulemonde, M.*; Bouffard, S.*; Kimura, Kenji*
Scientific Reports (Internet), 5, p.13363_1 - 13363_8, 2015/08
Times Cited Count：5 Percentile：40.93(Multidisciplinary Sciences)Kato, Yuki; Yoshida, Hiroyuki; Yokoyama, Ryotaro*; Kanagawa, Tetsuya*; Kaneko, Akiko*; Monji, Hideaki*; Abe, Yutaka*
Proceedings of 23rd International Conference on Nuclear Engineering (ICONE-23) (DVD-ROM), 8 Pages, 2015/05
Yoshida, Hiroyuki; Nagatake, Taku; Takase, Kazuyuki; Kaneko, Akiko*; Monji, Hideaki*; Abe, Yutaka*
Mechanical Engineering Journal (Internet), 1(4), p.TEP0025_1 - TEP0025_11, 2014/08
Lee, C. G.; Iguchi, Kazunari; Inagawa, Jun; Suzuki, Daisuke; Esaka, Fumitaka; Magara, Masaaki; Sakurai, Satoshi; Watanabe, Kazuo; Usuda, Shigekazu
Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry, 272(2), p.299 - 302, 2007/05
Times Cited Count：47 Percentile：93.87(Chemistry, Analytical)no abstracts in English
Usuda, Shigekazu; Yasuda, Kenichiro; Kokubu, Yoko; Esaka, Fumitaka; Lee, C. G.; Magara, Masaaki; Sakurai, Satoshi; Watanabe, Kazuo; Hirayama, Fumio; Fukuyama, Hiroyasu; et al.
International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, 86(9), p.663 - 675, 2006/08
Times Cited Count：14 Percentile：40.1(Chemistry, Analytical)The IAEA introduced the environmental sample analysis method, as a powerful tool to detect undeclared nuclear activities, into strengthened safeguards system. The principle of the method is that nuclear signatures can be evidenced if trace amount of nuclear materials in environmental samples taken from inside and outside of nuclear facilities are accurately analyzed. Currently, isotope ratios of uranium and plutonium in "swipe" samples are measured, which are collected in nuclear facilities. In future, the subject of environmental sample analysis will expand to soil, sediment, vegetation, water and airborne dust taken from outside of the nuclear facilities. If physical and chemical form of the nuclear materials is identified, we may estimate their origin, treatment process and migration behavior. This paper deals with the developed analytical techniques for the safeguards environmental samples, the current R&D on techniques related to estimation of the physical and chemical form, and possible analytical methodologies applicable to ultra-trace amounts of nuclear materials.
Yoshida, Hiroyuki; Tamai, Hidesada; Onuki, Akira; Takase, Kazuyuki; Akimoto, Hajime
Nuclear Engineering and Technology, 38(2), p.119 - 128, 2006/04
The reduced-moderation water reactor core adopts a hexagonal tight-lattice arrangement. In the core, there is no sufficient information about the effects of the gap spacing and grid spacer configuration on the flow characteristics. Thus, we start to develop a predictable technology for thermal-hydraulic performance of the core using an advanced numerical simulation technology. As a part of this technology development, we are developing a two-phase flow simulation code TPFIT with an advanced interface tracking method. The vector and parallelization of the code was conducted to fit the large-scale simulations. The numerical results applied to large-scale water-vapor two-phase flow in tight lattice rod bundles are shown and compared with experimental results. In the results, a tendency of the predicted void fraction distribution in horizontal plane agreed with the measured values including the bridge formation of the liquid at the position of adjacent fuel rods where an interval is the narrowest.
Lee, C. G.; Iguchi, Kazunari; Esaka, Fumitaka; Magara, Masaaki; Sakurai, Satoshi; Watanabe, Kazuo; Usuda, Shigekazu
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B, 245(2), p.440 - 444, 2006/04
Times Cited Count：8 Percentile：50.27(Instruments & Instrumentation)The etching rates of fission track detectors made of polycarbonate containing uranium particles were measured after thermal neutron irradiation with fluence of 8
10
n/cm
, in order to study the influence of uranium enrichment on the etching rate that was calculated from the weight loss by etching. There is a strong correlation between the etching rate of detector and the enrichment E of uranium particle: the former increases as the latter increases. Particularly, the etching rate per particle was proportional to E
rather than E
, which is probably due to the overlapping of fission tracks. The etching behaviors of detector revealed that the existence of two different etching rate regions, a nonlinear region in the beginning of etching process and a subsequent constant region, which was explained as the opening of fission tracks and the broadening of opened tracks, respectively.
Iguchi, Kazunari; Esaka, Konomi; Lee, C. G.; Inagawa, Jun; Esaka, Fumitaka; Onodera, Takashi; Fukuyama, Hiroyasu; Suzuki, Daisuke; Sakurai, Satoshi; Watanabe, Kazuo; et al.
Radiation Measurements, 40(2-6), p.363 - 366, 2005/11
Times Cited Count：11 Percentile：59.86(Nuclear Science & Technology)In particle analysis for safeguards environmental samples, the fission track technique is very important to detect sub-micrometer particles containing uranium. In the technique the authors developed, the particles were recovered onto the polycarbonate membrane filter. The filter was dissolved in solvent and dried to form a thin film of detector, in which the particles were confined. After thermal neutron irradiation and etching, the particles of interest in the detector were easily identified with fission tracks, and were picked up for isotope ratio analysis. It was found, however, that the particles in the vicinity of the detector surface may fall off during the etching process. Therefore, optimization of the etching condition is required. In this work, the effects of etching time and enrichment of uranium in particles were investigated. Preliminary results suggest that etching time should be shorter with the increase in the enrichment.
Suzuki, Mitsuhiro; Takeda, Takeshi; Asaka, Hideaki; Nakamura, Hideo
Nihon Kikai Gakkai 2005-Nendo Nenji Taikai Koen Rombunshu, Vol.3, p.223 - 224, 2005/09
Shown below are experimental results on characteristics of reactor instrumentations including a coolant mass tracking method and core exit thermocouples (CETs) which are necessary to precise operator actions for accident management (AM) during a loss-of-coolant accident (LOCA) at a pressurized water reactor (PWR). The experiments at the ROSA-V/LSTF facility of the Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute simulated small break LOCAs at the PWR vessel bottom and clarified effects of secondary depressurization as one of the AM measures in case of high pressure injection system failure and non-condensable gas inflow from the accumulator injection system. It was shown that the coolant mass tracking method based on three types of water level instruments could detect most of the primary coolant mass change between the initial state and core-heatup starting condition. The CET characteristics to detect the core heatup conditions were significantly degraded by the condensed water fall-back during the secondary depressurization action.
Yokoya, Akinari; Shikazono, Naoya; Urushibara, Ayumi; Fujii, Kentaro; Akamatsu, Ken; Watanabe, Ritsuko
Hoshasen Seibutsu Kenkyu, 40(2), p.168 - 184, 2005/06
Ionizing radiation causes modifications in a DNA molecule depending on the characteristic tack-structure in which two or more isolated lesions arise in a few nm scale (1 or 2 helical turn of DNA), known as "clustered DNA damage". These clustered DNA damages could be distinct from those by reactive oxygen species (ROS) endogenously induced on their severity of induction of biological effects such as mutation. However, the studies on the nature and repair mechanism of clustered DNA damage have still been behind because of the technical difficulties on determination of the chemical structure and yield. This article reviews some experimental evidences of the clustered DNA damages in this research field, as well as our recent progress on the studies on the clustered DNA damages using both molecular biological techniques and synchrotron spectroscopic method.
